Maps
Strong Wind, Annualized Frequency [P]
Strong Wind, Risk Score [P]
Hail, Annualized Frequency [P]
Hail, Risk Score [P]
Tornadoes, Annualized Frequency [P]
Tornadoes, Risk Score [P]
Data Sources
Further Information
These maps display the annualized frequency and risk scores for strong wind, hail and tornadoes in 2025.
Strong wind is defined in this data as damaging winds which exceed 58 mph.† Hail is precipitation which freezes into balls of ice, while tornadoes are narrow, violently rotating columns of air that extend from the base of a thunderstorm to the ground.†† We've grouped these disasters together as they all occur in conjunction with severe thunderstorms.†
Wind, hail and tornadoes can occur anywhere in the country, but they're most common in the Great Plains and central United States.† While tornados are the most deadly of the three, they're less likely to occur; when they do, damage is highly localized due to their narrow pattern.† Wind and hail are less likely to result in fatalities, but can cause widespread property damage and are a primary factor in rising home insurance rates.†
As climate change increases atmospheric warmth and moisture, thunderstorms are projected to increase in severity as well.† Straight-line winds are estimated to increase by 7% for each °F of warming, while the frequency of billion-dollar severe storms has increased dramatically in recent decades.† While there have been some changes to the range and intensity of tornadoes, those have not been directly linked to climate change.†
